During sea freight, the matters that need attention are quite extensive, covering all aspects from cargo preparation to transportation.
1. Cargo preparation and packaging
Clean cargo: Before packaging, make sure that the cargo has been thoroughly cleaned to remove dirt, oil and other impurities. This not only helps prevent the cargo from being damaged during transportation, but also avoids delays at the destination customs due to unclean cargo.
Appropriate packaging: Use appropriate packaging materials and methods according to the characteristics of the cargo and the requirements of sea transportation. For fragile, valuable or special cargo, reinforced packaging such as bubble film, foam board, wooden box, etc. should be used to provide adequate protection.
Marking and labeling: Clearly indicate the detailed information of the cargo on the package, including the name, quantity, weight, size, destination and contact information of the consignee. This helps to identify the cargo during transportation and ensure correct delivery.
Fixing and tying: Ensure that the cargo is stably fixed in the container or cargo hold, and use high-strength straps, fastening devices or welded fixing points to prevent the cargo from moving or shaking during transportation.
2. Choose the mode of transport and carrier
Evaluate the transportation needs: Choose the appropriate mode of transport and carrier based on factors such as the size, weight, transportation distance and delivery time of the goods. Common sea transportation methods include full container load (FCL) and less than container load (LCL).
Understand the reputation of the carrier: Choose a carrier with good reputation and rich experience to ensure the safety and timeliness of cargo transportation.
Sign a transportation contract: Clarify the transportation terms, fees, responsibilities and insurance with the carrier, and sign a formal transportation contract.
3. Comply with laws and regulations and customs requirements
Understand the laws and regulations: Understand and comply with the laws and regulations of the exporting and importing countries, including trade policies, customs regulations, inspection and quarantine requirements, etc.
Prepare necessary documents: Ensure that all necessary documents are complete, such as commercial invoices, packing lists, certificates of origin, certificates of conformity, etc. These documents are important bases for customs clearance and cargo transportation.
Comply with customs regulations: Handle relevant procedures in accordance with customs requirements, such as declaration, tax payment, quarantine, etc. Ensure that the goods comply with customs regulations to avoid delays or fines due to illegal operations.
4. Safety management during transportation
Ship safety: Ensure that the ship used meets international shipping standards and has good hull structure, stability and maneuverability. Regularly conduct ship inspections and maintenance to ensure the safety performance of the ship.
Cargo safety: During transportation, pay close attention to the safety of the cargo. Regularly check the lashing and fixing of the cargo to prevent damage or loss of the cargo due to natural factors such as wind, waves, and tides.
Emergency preparation: Develop emergency plans, including response measures in cases of ship failure, cargo damage, and shipwrecks. Ensure that the crew is familiar with the emergency plan and can act quickly in an emergency.
5. Insurance and claims
Purchase insurance: Purchase appropriate transportation insurance for the cargo to cover possible losses or damage. This helps to obtain financial compensation when the cargo is damaged.
Understand the claims process: When the cargo is damaged or lost, contact the carrier and insurance company in a timely manner to understand the claims process and required documents. Provide the necessary evidence and materials as required to obtain compensation as soon as possible.